Friday, May 19, 2006

Google Page Rank

Para peneliti pasar menemukan fakta bahwa pengguna search
engine terutama mengklik hit-hit teratas, Google menggunakan
Indikator Peringkat Webpage (PageRank):
Indikator balok hijau ini menunjukkan, sepenting apa Google
mengklasifikasikan website tersebut.

Persamaan Google

Pada mini web di bawah ini sebagian besar
links mengantar ke website A. Jadi A yang terpenting.
Dalam cakupan miliaran website,
relevansi sebuah website lebih sulit dikenali,
namun bukan berarti tidak mungkin.

Penting tidaknya suatu website dihitung Google dari
nilai peringkat (Page Rank/PR) website-website
yang merujuknya. Untuk itu digunakan sebuah
algoritma dari persamaan berikut ini:

PR(A) = (1-d) + d((PR(T1)/C(T1) + … + PR(Tn)/C(Tn))

Sekarang menjadi rumit: PR(A) adalah peringkat
website A. Untuk menghitungnya: Nilai
page rank semua website yang memiliki link ke
A - PR(T1) s/d PR(Tn) - masing-masing dibagi
dengan jumlah links yang keluar dari website
tersebut, C(T1) s/d C(Tn). Artinya: Semakin
banyak links yang keluar dari sebuah website,
semakin sedikit yang ia berikan dari page ranknya.
Hasilnya dijumlahkan, lalu dikali dengan
faktor peredam d (antara 0-1). Faktor ini menunjukkan
kemungkinan seorang peselancar
yang mengikuti links tersebut - tidak begitu
saja pindah ke suatu website Internet lainnya.
Standarnya adalah 0.85. Terakhir, hasil ini
ditambah dengan nilai 1-d ( jadi biasanya 0.15).
Sebagai contoh pada mini-web ini persamaannya adalah:

PR(A) = 0.15 + 0.425 x PR(B) + 0.85 x PR(C)
PR(B) = 0.15 + 0.85 x PR(A)
PR(C) = 0.15 + 0.425 x PR(B)

Setelah persamaan ini dihitung, didapat nilai peringkat web-nya:

PR(A) = 1.192198982
PR(B) = 1.163369135
PR(C) = 0.644431882

Wednesday, March 15, 2006

Fokus vs Rakus

Sinopsis; mengikuti Al Ries, pakar pemasaran tulisan ini menjelaskan satu kunci sukses; yakni
prinsip fokus sebagai lawan dari rakus.


Matahari merupakan sumber energi yang sangat kuat. Setiap jam, matahari menyinari bumi dengan jutaan kilowatt energi. Dengan menggunakan topi atau sun-screen. Anda bisa mandi matahari selama berjam-jam dengan hanya mendapatkan resiko yang tidak membahayakan. Seberkas sinar laser merupakan sumber energi yang lemah. Sinar ini hanya membutuhkan beberapa kilowatt energi dan bisa difokuskan menjadi sebuah pancaran cahaya yang koheren. Meski cahaya laser itu hanya seberkas tetapi bisa digunakan untuk memotong baja atau mengobati kanker.

Ketika seseorang memfokuskan keinginannya, maka seluruh potensi yang dimilikinya beresonansi menjadi seperti laser, ia bisa menembus penghalang-penghalang yang merintanginya dalam mencapai keinginannya. Sebaliknya, seseorang yang banyak keinginan, apalagi tidak jelas, dan tidak berusaha memfokuskan keinginannya maka sebesar apapun potensi yang dimilikinya akan menyebar dan tidak koheren, sehingga ia tidak bisa mencapai keinginannya.

Fokus merupakan cerminan dari watak tidak serakah, tidak tamak, tahu diri dan pandai membaca situasi jaman. Keinginan manusia tidak ada batasnya. Maka tidak mungkin potensinya yang terbatas bisa mencapai keinginan-keinginan yang tidak terbatas. Maka fokus adalah keharusan untuk mencapai kesuksesan.

Pada saat seseorang memilih apa keinginannya, ia harus tetap memiliki fokus, apa sebenarnya yang ia inginkan. Pemilihan keinginan yang serampangan tanpa memiliki fokus akan menimbulkan entropy, atau kekacauan. Kekacauan dalam aktualisasi berbagai potensi akan berujung pada penyesalan.

Azas fokus tidak tidak dapat menerima the magic of thinking (keajaiban berpikir besar). Tidak seluruh pikiran dan keinginan besar memperoleh kesuksesan. Malah sebaliknya berpikir tidak realistis dan tidak menyentuh kenyataan. Pemikiran dan cita-cita yang benar adalah yang terfokus, sesuai dengan kemampuan dan realizable (baca; dapat terealisasikan).

Kenapa Einstein berhasil menemukan teori Relativitas? Apakah karena ia murid terpandai? Tidak, dosen matematikanya, yaitu Prof. Minwosky-, Menyebutnya sebagai anjing bodoh. Ia berhasil karena Einstein memfokuskan dirinya dalam risetnya.
Kenapa Bill Gates sukses dalam Microsoft-nya? Karena ia memfokuskan dirinya pada DOS pada awal karirnya tahun 75-an.
Kenapa BMW sukses dalam otomotif, karena ia memfokuskan dirinya pada kendaraan otomotif yang nyaman dikendarai.
Kenapa Emha sukses sebagai budayawan? Apakah karena ia berprestasi tinggi? Sama sekali tidak, tapi karena ia memfokuskan dirinya pada masalah-masalah real di masyarakat. Kenapa banyak orang jenius yang tak sukses, tapi malah terkapar? Karena mereka rakus, ingin semua hal, sehingga tidak memperoleh semua hal.

"So, please focus yourself to reach your succes!"

Thursday, March 02, 2006

Melodies Of Life

Alone for a while i've been searching trought the dark
for traces of the love you left inside my lonely heart
To weave by picking up the pieces that remain
melodies of life, love's lost refrain

Our paths they did cross, though I cannot say just why
We met, we laughed, we held on fast, and then we say goodbye
And who'll hear the echoes of story never told?
Let them ring out loud till they unfold
In my dearest memories, I see you reaching out to me
Though you're gone, I still believe that you can call out my name

A voice from the past, joining yours and mine
Adding up the layers of harmony
And so it goes, on and on
Melodies of life,
To the sky beyond the flying birds, forever and beyond

So far and away, see the bird as it flies by
Gliding through the shadows of the clouds up in the sky
I've laid my memories and dreams upon those wings
Leave them now and see what tommorow brings

In your dearest memories, do you remember loving me?
Was it fate that brought us close and now leaves me behind?

If i should leave this lonely world behind
Your voice is still remember our melody
Now I know we'll carry on
Melodies of life
Come circle around and grow deep in our hearts
as long as we remember

The Conscience of a Hacker


Another one got caught today, it's all over the papers. "Teenager
Arrested in Computer Crime Scandal", "Hacker Arrested after Bank Tampering"...
Damn kids. They're all alike.

But did you, in your three-piece psychology and 1950's technobrain,
ever take a look behind the eyes of the hacker? Did you ever wonder what
made him tick, what forces shaped him, what may have molded him?
I am a hacker, enter my world...
Mine is a world that begins with school... I'm smarter than most of
the other kids, this crap they teach us bores me...
Damn underachiever. They're all alike.

I'm in junior high or high school. I've listened to teachers explain
for the fifteenth time how to reduce a fraction. I understand it. "No, Ms.
Smith, I didn't show my work. I did it in my head..."
Damn kid. Probably copied it. They're all alike.

I made a discovery today. I found a computer. Wait a second, this is
cool. It does what I want it to. If it makes a mistake, it's because I
screwed it up. Not because it doesn't like me...
Or feels threatened by me...
Or thinks I'm a smart ass...
Or doesn't like teaching and shouldn't be here...
Damn kid. All he does is play games. They're all alike.

And then it happened... a door opened to a world... rushing through
the phone line like heroin through an addict's veins, an electronic pulse is
sent out, a refuge from the day-to-day incompetencies is sought... a board is
found.
"This is it... this is where I belong..."
I know everyone here... even if I've never met them, never talked to
them, may never hear from them again... I know you all...
Damn kid. Tying up the phone line again. They're all alike...

You bet your ass we're all alike... we've been spoon-fed baby food at
school when we hungered for steak... the bits of meat that you did let slip
through were pre-chewed and tasteless. We've been dominated by sadists, or
ignored by the apathetic. The few that had something to teach found us willing
pupils, but those few are like drops of water in the desert.


This is our world now... the world of the electron and the switch, the
beauty of the baud. We make use of a service already existing without paying
for what could be dirt-cheap if it wasn't run by profiteering gluttons, and
you call us criminals. We explore... and you call us criminals. We seek
after knowledge... and you call us criminals. We exist without skin color,
without nationality, without religious bias... and you call us criminals.
You build atomic bombs, you wage wars, you murder, cheat, and lie to us
and try to make us believe it's for our own good, yet we're the criminals.

Yes, I am a criminal. My crime is that of curiosity. My crime is
that of judging people by what they say and think, not what they look like.
My crime is that of outsmarting you, something that you will never forgive me for.

I am a hacker, and this is my manifesto. You may stop this individual,
but you can't stop us all... after all, we're all alike.





Memoir Of William Shakespeare


Of all the Elizabethan poets, William Shakespeare is the most famous. He was born in 1564 in the village of Stratford-on-Avon to an old and prominent family. His father, John Shakespeare, was a glover and wool dealer with a shop in Stratford.

Shakespeare entered grammar school in 1571 at the age of seven. Elizabethan education was based on learning by rote, and he had an excellent aural memory. His education in Latin left an unmistakable impression on his vocabulary. In the upper school, he studied logic and rhetoric, and excelled in dialectic argument, a skill he later put to use in his plays. Shakespeare learned Greek mythology and Roman history. When he began to write, he showed a marvelous ability to make a little knowledge go a longway.

Shakespeare married while he was still a minor and needed his parents' permission. His bride, Anne Hathaway, was twenty-six years old. A daughter, Susanna, was born to the young couple in 1583, followed by twins, Hamnet and Judith, twenty months later. Shakespeare supported his family by working in his father's shop and, according to some sources, as a schoolmaster in the countryside. However, in the late 1580s, he appeared in London. Tradition has it that he fled to London for fear of prosecution for stealing a deer from the park of a local nobleman. Another theory is that he abandoned his wife and children and escaped to London to seek his fortune. It seems likely, however, that Shakespeare did not abandon his family. In fact, his wife may have accompanied him to London.

In 1588 London was filled with martial activities and excitement, for it was the time of the defeat of the Spanish Armada. The mood of national pride and self-confidence carried over into the theater. Drama was a popular national activity appreciated by everyone from Queen Elizabeth to the women of the street. The Queen was a clever, cultivated woman who encouraged Elizabeth an drama. It was an extraordinary time for a man of Shakespeare's talents to burst upon the scene. Shakespeare apprenticed as an actor, and soon the young man from Stratford, with his sharp ear for language, became a playwright as well.

Richard Field, a friend from Stratford, was apprenticed to one of the leading printers in London, and it was this firm that published Shakespeare's first poem, "Venus and Adonis," in 1593, followed by "Lucrece" in 1594. Shakespeare's plays had not brought him much recognition, but his poems caused a stir in the literary world.

As a member of a group of actors known as the Earl of Pembroke's Men, Shakespeare came under the influence of Christopher Marlowe, one of the greatest dramatists of the period. Marlowe's stormy personality made an impact on the young Shakespeare. There are echoes of Marlowe throughout his plays. Shakespeare has been described as a "magpie, an inveterate borrower." He borrowed names, phrases and images from other poets and dramatists, but he improved what he borrowed and adapted it to his own genius.

The theaters were closed between 1592 and 1594 because of a plague. With the reopening of the theaters in 1594, Shakespeare joined the Lord Chamberlain's Company (later called the King's Players) and remained with them until his retirement. When the Globe Theatre was built in 1599, Shakespeare was a shareholder. By this time, he apparently was making a good income.

Some of Shakespeare's sonnets were written during the period when the theaters were closed, and they present one of the great mysteries of literature: To what extent were the sonnets autobiographical? Some are addressed to a young man and some to a "Dark Lady." Although it is impossible to determine what is fact and what is fiction in this literary puzzle, there is no denying the genius of the sonnets. Read, for example, sonnet XXIX.

When, in disgrace with fortune and men's eyes,
I all alone beweep my outcast state,
And trouble deaf heaven with my bootless cries,
And look upon myself, and curse my fate,
Wishing me like to one more rich in hope,
Featur'd like him, like him with friends possess'd,
Desiring this man's art, and that man's scope,
With what I most enjoy contented least;
Yet in these thoughts myself almost despising,
Haply I think on thee, and then my state,
Like to the lark at break of day arising
From sullen earth, sings hymns at heaven's gate:
For thy sweet love remember'd such wealth brings
That then I scorn to change my state with kings.

By 1600, the political scene was changing. The Earl of Essex was executed in 1601 and the public mood was one of disillusionment. From 1601 to 1603, Shakespeare wrote his greatest works, the four tragedies: Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, and Macbeth. Some of his friends thought that these plays were evidence of mental strain and exhaustion, but Shakespeare was prosperous, and he was free to explore his mind to its ultimate depths.

Shakespeare's literary work covers a period of twenty years.During that time he wrote 37 plays and 154 sonnets. None of the plays was published and no manuscripts exist. Several years after Shakespeare's death in 1616, two of his friends collected his writings in the "First Folio." Although the authenticity of the text in the "First Folio" is somewhat doubtful, it remains the ultimate authority on Shakespeare's work. The inscription on the "First Folio" is by Ben Jonson, Shakespeare's contemporary. Jonson wrote of the greatest figure in English literature,

"He was not of an age but for all time!"


Chronology of the Plays:

1591-92
Henry VI

1592-93
Richard III
Comedy of Errors

1593-94
Titus Andronicus
Taming of the Shrew

1594-95
Two Gentlemen of Verona
Love's Labour's Lost
Romeo and Juliet

1595-96
Richard II
Midsummer Night's Dream

1596-97
King John
Merchant of Venice

1595-98
Henry IV

1598-1599
Much Ado About Nothing
Henry V

1599-1600
Julius Caesar
Merry Wives of Windsor
As You Like It

1600-01
Twelfth Night
Hamlet

1601-02
Troilus and Cressida

1602-03
All's Well That Ends Well

1604-05
Measure for Measure
Othello

1605-06
Macbeth
King Lear
1606-07
Antony and Cleopatra

1607-08
Coriolanus
Timon of Athens

1608-09
Pericles

1609-10
Cymbeline

1610-11
The Winter's Tale

1611-12
The Tempest

1612-13
Henry VIII
Two Noble Kinsmen

 
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